The Digital Walters is a branch of The Walters Art Museum Manuscripts Department.
The Digital Walters is a branch of The Walters Art Museum Manuscripts Department.
Made for use in the diocese of Cambrai ca. 1450-60, this Book of Hours is extraordinary for its lavish illumination. It was likely produced by several artists within the circle of Willlem Vrelant, and the wealth of texts and images recall the richness of manuscripts by Vrelant from the same era, such as the Hours of Isabel la Católica (Biblioteca del Palacio Real, Madrid, Arm. Inf. 61) completed in Bruges ca. 1455.
artist: Vrelant, Willem, -1481
Principal cataloger: Randall, Lilian M.C.
Cataloger: Valle, Chiara
Editor: Herbert, Lynley
Copy editor: Wallace, Susan
Contributor: Emery, Doug
Contributor: Herbold, Rebekah
Contributor: Noel, William
Contributor: Schuele, Allyson
Contributor: Tabritha, Ariel
Contributor: Toth, Michael B.
Contributor: Valle, Chiara
Contributor: Wiegand, Kimber
Conservator: Owen, Linda
Conservator: Quandt, Abigail
De Ricci, Seymour. Census of Medieval and Renaissance Manuscripts in the United States and Canada. Vol. 1. New York: H. W. Wilson Company, 1935; p. 795, cat. no. 252.
Kessler, Herbert L. "A Book of Hours from the Atelier of Willem Vrelant." Scriptorium 18/1 (1964): 94-99; p. 98, Pl. 156.
Bowles, Edmund A. "A Checklist of Musical Instruments in Fifteenth Century Illuminated Manuscripts at the Walters Art Gallery." Music Library Association 32 (1976): 719-726; pp. 721-726.
Farquhar, James D. Creation and Imitation. Fort Lauderdale, Fla.: Nova in association with NYIT University Press, 1976; figs. 15, 29, 33, 35, 37, 39, 49, 57, 89, 90.
Farquhar, James D. "The Manuscript as a Book." In Pen to Press: Illustrated Manuscript and Printed Books in the First Century of Printing. Accompanying an exhibition at University of Maryland, College Park. Edited by Sandra Hindman and James D. Farquhar, 11-99. Baltimore: University of Maryland University Press, 1977; pp. 69-70, figs. 12, 25.
Farquhar, James D. "Identity in an Anonymous Age: Bruges Manuscript Illumination and Their Signs." Viator 11 (1980): 371-383; p. 378.
Rogers, Nicholas. "Books of Hours Produced in the Low Countries for the English Market in the Fifteenth Century." M. Phil., Cambridge University, 1982; p. 300.
Owens, M. B. "Musical Subjects in the Illumination of Books of Hours from Fifteenth-Century France and Flanders." Ph.D. diss., University of Chicago, 1987; p. 425, fig. 33.
Voelkle, William. "Morgan Manuscript M.1001: The Seven Deadly Sins and the Seven Evil Ones." In Monsters and Demons in the Ancient and Medieval Worlds. Papers Presented in Honor of Edith Porada. Edited by A. E. Farkas, P. O. Harper, and E. B. Harrison, 101-109. Mainz am Rhein: von Zabern, 1987; p. 109.
Plummer, John. "'Use' and 'Beyond Use.'" In Time Sanctified: The Book of Hours in Medieval Art and Life. Exhibition Catalogue, Walters Art Gallery, Baltimore. Edited by Roger S. Wieck, 149-152. New York: George Braziller, 1988; pp. 150-152.
Lacaze, Charlotte. "A little-known manuscript from the workshop of Master Pancraz." In Masters and Miniatures: Proceedings of the Congress on Medieval Manuscript Illumination in the Northern Netherlands. Utrecht, 10-13 December 1989. Doornspijk, Netherlands: Davaco, 1991; p. 259.
Bousmanne, Bernard. "Remarques sur la décoration marginale d'un livre d'heures de la Bibliothèque Ambrosienne (Milan, Bibliothèque Ambrosienne, ms. S.P. 12)." Aevum Rassegna di scienze storiche linguistiche e figologiche LXIII/2 (1989): 252-264; p. 257.
Wieck, Roger Seymour. Time Sanctified: The Book of Hours in Medieval Art and Life. Exhibition Catalogue, Walters Art Gallery, Baltimore. New York: George Braiziller, 1988; pp. 30, 41, 61, 99, 104, 109, 114, 159, 165, 212; cat. no. 92 (Pl. 21), figs. 10, 82, 92.
Bousmanne, Bernard. "Prolégomènes à la constitution et à l'interprétation d'un corpus de manuscrits dans les Pays-Bas méridionaux au xve siècle." Ph.D. diss., Université Catholique de Louvain, 1994; pp. 24, 235-241.
Fassbender, Birgit. Gotische Tanzdarstellungen. Europäische Hochschulschriften. Reihe 28, Kunstgeschichte, ser. XXVIII, vol. 192. Frankfurt: Peter Lang, 1994; pp. 179, 252, fig. 96.
Clark, Gregory T. The Hours of Isabel la Católica and Manuscript Painting in Flanders in the Time of Philip the Good (1419-1467). Commentary volume for facsimile edition. Münster: Verlag Biblioteca Rara, 1996; figs. 80, 81.
Bousmanne, Bernard. Item à Guillaume Wyelant aussi enlumineur: Willem Vrelant, un aspect de l'enluminure dans les Pays-Bas méridionaux sous le mécénat des ducs de Bourgogne Philippe le Bon et Charles le Téméraire. Bibliothèque Royale de Belgique. Turnhout, Belgium: Brepols, 1997; pp. 37-38, 43, 79-81, 105, 112, 117-118, 121, 149, 165, 219-221 (no. LV:II), 317, 343 (n. 35), 349 (nn. 5, 7), 350-351 (n. 57), 377.
Randall, Lilian M. C. Medieval and Renaissance Manuscripts in the Walters Art Gallery. Vol. 3, Belgium, 1250-1530. Baltimore and London: Johns Hopkins University Press in association with the Walters Art Gallery, 1997; pp. 240-250, cat. no. 248.
Nevins, Teresa. "Book of Hours." In Medieval Mastery: Book Illumination from Charlemagne to Charles the Bold (800-1475). Edited by Lee Preedy and William Noel, 306-307. Leuven: Brepols, 2002; pp. 306-307, cat. no. 82.
Van Buren, Anne H. "Willem Vrelant: Questions and Issues." Belgisch tijdschrift voor oudheidkunde en kunstgeschiedenis 68 (1999): 3-30; p. 16.
Oosterman, Johann. "Guillaume van Sconehove, Schrivere and Scoelmeester." In "Als Ich Can": Liber Amicorum in Memory of Professor Dr. Maurits Smeyers, edited by Bert Cardon, Jan Van der Stock, and Dominique Vanwijnsberghe, 1079-1093, vol. 2. Leuven: Peeters Press, 2002; p. 1091.
Kren, Thomas. "Willem Vrelant and Workshop." In Illuminating the Renaissance: The Triumph of Flemish Manuscript Painting in Europe. Edited by Thomas Kren and Scot McKendrick, 117-119. Los Angeles: Getty Publications, 2003; p. 119 (ref. under cat. no. 15).
Clark, Gregory T. "Beyond Jacquemart Pilavaine, Simon Marmion, and the Master of Antoine Rolin: Book Painting in the Hainaut in the Penultimate Decade of the Fifteenth Century." Manuscripts in Transition: Recycling Manuscripts, Texts, and Images: Proceedings of the International Congress Held in Brussels (5-9 November 2002). Edited by Brigitte Deckeyzer and Jan van der Stock, 391-398. Leuven: Uitgeverij Peeters, 2005; pp. 396-397.
Reynolds, Catherine. "The Undecorated Margin: The Fashion for Luxury Books without Borders." In Flemish Manuscript Painting in Context: Recent Research. Edited by Elizabeth Morrison and Thomas Kren. Los Angeles, 2006: 9-26; p. 24 (n. 14 for p. 13).
Hans-Collas, Illona, and Hanno Wijsman. Le Livre d’heures et de prières d’Agnès de Bourgogne, duchesse de Bourbon. Art de l'enluminure 29 (2009): 20-47; p. 44.
Stroppa, Nicoletta. "Per Willem Vrelant: l'apporto della macrofotografia e dell'infrarosso alla definizione di uno stile." In Culture figurative a confronto tra Fiandre e Italia dal XV al XVII secolo: Atti del Convegno Internazionale Nord/Sud. Ricezioni fiamminghe al di qua delle Alpi. Prospettive di studio e indagini tecniche (Padova, Università degli Studi, 25-27 ottobre 2007). Edited by Anna de Floriani and Maria Clelia Galassi, 233-240. Milan: Silvana Editoriale, 2008; p. 239.
These are pages that we pulled aside that disrupted the flow of the manuscript reader. These may be bindings, inserts, bookmarks, and various other oddities.
Bruges
Ca. 1450-60 CE
book
Non-original Binding
Belgian seventeenth-century boards covered with nineteenth-century crimson velvet; resewn on four alum-tawed straps; remains of endbands in blue and yellow silk over alum-tawed core; seventeenth-century gilded edges; leather fore-edge tabs, two blue ribbon markers; two nineteenth-century brass catches hinged from upper cover
The primary language in this manuscript is Latin. The secondary language of this manuscript is French, Middle (ca.1400-1600).
Made in Bruges ca. 1450-60 for the use of Rome, in the circle of Willem Vrelant; French and South Netherlandish saints in Calendar; patron depicted before St. Bernardinus on fol. 334v, perhaps also with his family at mass and funeral service on fols. 82v and 267v
Bishop D. Fray Pedro d la Torre, Rio de la Plata, 1555
Seventeenth-century inscription "Vistas Ellicendo Roche" written upside down on back flyleaf ii; contemporary inscription upside down on facing pastedown "n 2"
Don Saturnino Segunola of Buenos Aires obtained the book in Lima, 1800; fol. 1r: inscription with his name and date along with the biblical quotation: "posuitque Dominus Cain signum ut non interficeret eum omnis qui invenisset eum. Gen. lib. 1 cap. 4"
William Bragge, London 1876, sold the book to Thibaudeau; Bragge's sale lot 487
McFarlane bought the manuscript in London, Sotheby's, May 6, 1909, lot. 10
Léon Gruel, Paris; his bookplate inscribed "N. 965" on front pastedown
Henry Walters, Baltimore, purchased from Gruel between 1909 and 1931
Walters Art Museum, 1931, by Henry Walters' bequest
Bruges
Ca. 1450-60 CE
book
The primary language in this manuscript is Latin. The secondary language of this manuscript is French, Middle (ca.1400-1600).
Made in Bruges ca. 1450-60 for the use of Rome, in the circle of Willem Vrelant; French and South Netherlandish saints in Calendar; patron depicted before St. Bernardinus on fol. 334v, perhaps also with his family at mass and funeral service on fols. 82v and 267v
Bishop D. Fray Pedro d la Torre, Rio de la Plata, 1555
Seventeenth-century inscription "Vistas Ellicendo Roche" written upside down on back flyleaf ii; contemporary inscription upside down on facing pastedown "n 2"
Don Saturnino Segunola of Buenos Aires obtained the book in Lima, 1800; fol. 1r: inscription with his name and date along with the biblical quotation: "posuitque Dominus Cain signum ut non interficeret eum omnis qui invenisset eum. Gen. lib. 1 cap. 4"
William Bragge, London 1876, sold the book to Thibaudeau; Bragge's sale lot 487
McFarlane bought the manuscript in London, Sotheby's, May 6, 1909, lot. 10
Léon Gruel, Paris; his bookplate inscribed "N. 965" on front pastedown
Henry Walters, Baltimore, purchased from Gruel between 1909 and 1931
Walters Art Museum, 1931, by Henry Walters' bequest
Made for use in the diocese of Cambrai ca. 1450-60, this Book of Hours is extraordinary for its lavish illumination. It was likely produced by several artists within the circle of Willlem Vrelant, and the wealth of texts and images recall the richness of manuscripts by Vrelant from the same era, such as the Hours of Isabel la Católica (Biblioteca del Palacio Real, Madrid, Arm. Inf. 61) completed in Bruges ca. 1455.
artist: Vrelant, Willem, -1481
Principal cataloger: Randall, Lilian M.C.
Cataloger: Valle, Chiara
Editor: Herbert, Lynley
Copy editor: Wallace, Susan
Contributor: Emery, Doug
Contributor: Herbold, Rebekah
Contributor: Noel, William
Contributor: Schuele, Allyson
Contributor: Tabritha, Ariel
Contributor: Toth, Michael B.
Contributor: Valle, Chiara
Contributor: Wiegand, Kimber
Conservator: Owen, Linda
Conservator: Quandt, Abigail
De Ricci, Seymour. Census of Medieval and Renaissance Manuscripts in the United States and Canada. Vol. 1. New York: H. W. Wilson Company, 1935; p. 795, cat. no. 252.
Kessler, Herbert L. "A Book of Hours from the Atelier of Willem Vrelant." Scriptorium 18/1 (1964): 94-99; p. 98, Pl. 156.
Bowles, Edmund A. "A Checklist of Musical Instruments in Fifteenth Century Illuminated Manuscripts at the Walters Art Gallery." Music Library Association 32 (1976): 719-726; pp. 721-726.
Farquhar, James D. Creation and Imitation. Fort Lauderdale, Fla.: Nova in association with NYIT University Press, 1976; figs. 15, 29, 33, 35, 37, 39, 49, 57, 89, 90.
Farquhar, James D. "The Manuscript as a Book." In Pen to Press: Illustrated Manuscript and Printed Books in the First Century of Printing. Accompanying an exhibition at University of Maryland, College Park. Edited by Sandra Hindman and James D. Farquhar, 11-99. Baltimore: University of Maryland University Press, 1977; pp. 69-70, figs. 12, 25.
Farquhar, James D. "Identity in an Anonymous Age: Bruges Manuscript Illumination and Their Signs." Viator 11 (1980): 371-383; p. 378.
Rogers, Nicholas. "Books of Hours Produced in the Low Countries for the English Market in the Fifteenth Century." M. Phil., Cambridge University, 1982; p. 300.
Owens, M. B. "Musical Subjects in the Illumination of Books of Hours from Fifteenth-Century France and Flanders." Ph.D. diss., University of Chicago, 1987; p. 425, fig. 33.
Voelkle, William. "Morgan Manuscript M.1001: The Seven Deadly Sins and the Seven Evil Ones." In Monsters and Demons in the Ancient and Medieval Worlds. Papers Presented in Honor of Edith Porada. Edited by A. E. Farkas, P. O. Harper, and E. B. Harrison, 101-109. Mainz am Rhein: von Zabern, 1987; p. 109.
Plummer, John. "'Use' and 'Beyond Use.'" In Time Sanctified: The Book of Hours in Medieval Art and Life. Exhibition Catalogue, Walters Art Gallery, Baltimore. Edited by Roger S. Wieck, 149-152. New York: George Braziller, 1988; pp. 150-152.
Lacaze, Charlotte. "A little-known manuscript from the workshop of Master Pancraz." In Masters and Miniatures: Proceedings of the Congress on Medieval Manuscript Illumination in the Northern Netherlands. Utrecht, 10-13 December 1989. Doornspijk, Netherlands: Davaco, 1991; p. 259.
Bousmanne, Bernard. "Remarques sur la décoration marginale d'un livre d'heures de la Bibliothèque Ambrosienne (Milan, Bibliothèque Ambrosienne, ms. S.P. 12)." Aevum Rassegna di scienze storiche linguistiche e figologiche LXIII/2 (1989): 252-264; p. 257.
Wieck, Roger Seymour. Time Sanctified: The Book of Hours in Medieval Art and Life. Exhibition Catalogue, Walters Art Gallery, Baltimore. New York: George Braiziller, 1988; pp. 30, 41, 61, 99, 104, 109, 114, 159, 165, 212; cat. no. 92 (Pl. 21), figs. 10, 82, 92.
Bousmanne, Bernard. "Prolégomènes à la constitution et à l'interprétation d'un corpus de manuscrits dans les Pays-Bas méridionaux au xve siècle." Ph.D. diss., Université Catholique de Louvain, 1994; pp. 24, 235-241.
Fassbender, Birgit. Gotische Tanzdarstellungen. Europäische Hochschulschriften. Reihe 28, Kunstgeschichte, ser. XXVIII, vol. 192. Frankfurt: Peter Lang, 1994; pp. 179, 252, fig. 96.
Clark, Gregory T. The Hours of Isabel la Católica and Manuscript Painting in Flanders in the Time of Philip the Good (1419-1467). Commentary volume for facsimile edition. Münster: Verlag Biblioteca Rara, 1996; figs. 80, 81.
Bousmanne, Bernard. Item à Guillaume Wyelant aussi enlumineur: Willem Vrelant, un aspect de l'enluminure dans les Pays-Bas méridionaux sous le mécénat des ducs de Bourgogne Philippe le Bon et Charles le Téméraire. Bibliothèque Royale de Belgique. Turnhout, Belgium: Brepols, 1997; pp. 37-38, 43, 79-81, 105, 112, 117-118, 121, 149, 165, 219-221 (no. LV:II), 317, 343 (n. 35), 349 (nn. 5, 7), 350-351 (n. 57), 377.
Randall, Lilian M. C. Medieval and Renaissance Manuscripts in the Walters Art Gallery. Vol. 3, Belgium, 1250-1530. Baltimore and London: Johns Hopkins University Press in association with the Walters Art Gallery, 1997; pp. 240-250, cat. no. 248.
Nevins, Teresa. "Book of Hours." In Medieval Mastery: Book Illumination from Charlemagne to Charles the Bold (800-1475). Edited by Lee Preedy and William Noel, 306-307. Leuven: Brepols, 2002; pp. 306-307, cat. no. 82.
Van Buren, Anne H. "Willem Vrelant: Questions and Issues." Belgisch tijdschrift voor oudheidkunde en kunstgeschiedenis 68 (1999): 3-30; p. 16.
Oosterman, Johann. "Guillaume van Sconehove, Schrivere and Scoelmeester." In "Als Ich Can": Liber Amicorum in Memory of Professor Dr. Maurits Smeyers, edited by Bert Cardon, Jan Van der Stock, and Dominique Vanwijnsberghe, 1079-1093, vol. 2. Leuven: Peeters Press, 2002; p. 1091.
Kren, Thomas. "Willem Vrelant and Workshop." In Illuminating the Renaissance: The Triumph of Flemish Manuscript Painting in Europe. Edited by Thomas Kren and Scot McKendrick, 117-119. Los Angeles: Getty Publications, 2003; p. 119 (ref. under cat. no. 15).
Clark, Gregory T. "Beyond Jacquemart Pilavaine, Simon Marmion, and the Master of Antoine Rolin: Book Painting in the Hainaut in the Penultimate Decade of the Fifteenth Century." Manuscripts in Transition: Recycling Manuscripts, Texts, and Images: Proceedings of the International Congress Held in Brussels (5-9 November 2002). Edited by Brigitte Deckeyzer and Jan van der Stock, 391-398. Leuven: Uitgeverij Peeters, 2005; pp. 396-397.
Reynolds, Catherine. "The Undecorated Margin: The Fashion for Luxury Books without Borders." In Flemish Manuscript Painting in Context: Recent Research. Edited by Elizabeth Morrison and Thomas Kren. Los Angeles, 2006: 9-26; p. 24 (n. 14 for p. 13).
Hans-Collas, Illona, and Hanno Wijsman. Le Livre d’heures et de prières d’Agnès de Bourgogne, duchesse de Bourbon. Art de l'enluminure 29 (2009): 20-47; p. 44.
Stroppa, Nicoletta. "Per Willem Vrelant: l'apporto della macrofotografia e dell'infrarosso alla definizione di uno stile." In Culture figurative a confronto tra Fiandre e Italia dal XV al XVII secolo: Atti del Convegno Internazionale Nord/Sud. Ricezioni fiamminghe al di qua delle Alpi. Prospettive di studio e indagini tecniche (Padova, Università degli Studi, 25-27 ottobre 2007). Edited by Anna de Floriani and Maria Clelia Galassi, 233-240. Milan: Silvana Editoriale, 2008; p. 239.
These are pages that we pulled aside that disrupted the flow of the manuscript reader. These may be bindings, inserts, bookmarks, and various other oddities.
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