The Digital Walters is a branch of The Walters Art Museum Manuscripts Department.
The Digital Walters is a branch of The Walters Art Museum Manuscripts Department.
This small but richly illuminated Book of Hours was made ca. 1300-10 for the Use of Liège. The manuscript was created for a woman, likely a Beguine living in Huy, and inscriptions indicate it continued to be used in that region by another family into the seventeenth century. The number and variety of illuminations in the manuscript are remarkable given its small size, for it contains fourteen extant full-page miniatures, twenty-four calendar images, eleven extant large historiated initials, 188 small historiated initials, and countless marginal drolleries. Although an early rebinding resulted in the loss or rearrangement of several folios, this manuscript remains a fine example of the richness and intimacy of a Book of Hours from this period.
Calendar: textura; main text: rounded textura, with major medial pauses marked by punctus elevatus, and final pauses by punctus; ownership entries on fols. 1v-2r written in cursive in gray-brown ink
Principal cataloger: Randall, Lilian M.C.
Cataloger: Herbert, Lynley
Editor: Herbert, Lynley
Copy editor: Dibble, Charles
Contributor: Emery, Doug
Contributor: Grollemond, Larisa
Contributor: Herbert, Lynley
Contributor: Izer, Emily
Contributor: Noel, William
Contributor: Schuele, Allyson
Contributor: Tabritha, Ariel
Contributor: Toth, Michael B.
Contributor: Wiegand, Kimber
Conservator: Owen, Linda
Conservator: Quandt, Abigail
Beer, Ellen J., et al. Das Graduale von Sankt Katharinenthal: Kommentar…. Das Graduale von Sankt Katharinenthal um 1312, edited by Schweizerisches Landesmuseum. Lucerne: Faksimile-Verlag, 1983, pp. 118, 119, 184, figs. 7, 42, 43 (fols. 69v–70r, 16, 91v).
Oliver, Judith H. Gothic Manuscript Illumination in the Diocese of Liège (c. 1250–c. 1330). 2 vols. Corpus of Illuminated Manuscripts from the Low Countries. Leuven: Uitgeverij Peeters, 1988, cat. no. 1.
Vandenbroeck, Paul, et al. Le jardin clos de l'ame: L'imaginaire des religieuses dans les Pays-Bas du Sud depuis le 13e siècle. Brussels: Martial et Snoeck, 1994, p. 8 (fol. 93).
Śnieżyńska-Stolot, Ewa. "Das ptolemäische Weltbild und die mittelalterliche Ikonographie." Weiner Jahrbuch für Kunstgeschichte 46/47 (1993/1994): 699–713.
George, Philippe. “Iconographies de saints mosans.” Bulletin de la Société Royale Le Vieux-Liège 11, nos. 246–47 (July–December 1989): 560-562, fig. 1 (fols. 115v–116r).
Smeyers, Mauritius. Flemish Miniatures from the 8th to the mid-16th Century: The Medieval World on Parchment. Turnhout, Belgium: Brepols, 1999; pp. 161, 162 (fig. 76).
Lane, Barbara Greenhouse. The Development of the Medieval Devotional Figure. PhD diss., University of Pennsylvania, 1971: p. 174, fig. 193 (fol. 77).
Robb, David M. The Art of the Illuminated Manuscript. South Brunswick: A. S. Barnes, 1973, pp. 239, 241, fig. 164 (fol. 83v).
Joslin, Mary Coker and Carolyn Coker Joslin Watson. The Egerton Genesis. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2001; p. 245 (n. 62).
Simons, Walter. Cities of Ladies: Beguine Communities in the Medieval Low Countries, 1200-1565. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2001; p. 216.
Gruel, Léon. Collection de Léon Gruel: manuscrits rares et précieux à miniatures des IXe, XIIe, XIIIe, XIVe, XVe, XVIe siècles. Paris: ca. 1905, cat. no. 8.
De Ricci, S. and W. J. Wilson. Census of Medieval and Renaissance Manuscripts in the United States and Canada. Vol. 1. New York: H. W. Wilson Company, 1935, p. 782, cat. no. 158.
Miner, Dorothy. Illuminated Books of the Middle Ages and Renaissance: An Exhibition Held at the Baltimore Museum of Art. Baltimore: Walters Art Gallery, 1949, cat. no. 55, pl. 31 (fol. 83v).
Randall, Lilian M. C. Images in the Margins of Gothic Manuscripts. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1966, p. 37, figs. 81, 244, 339 (fols. 158v–159r, 54v–55r, 161v–162r).
Randall, Lilian M. C. Medieval and Renaissance Manuscripts in the Walters Art Gallery. Vol. 3, pt. 1. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1997, pp. 56–64, cat. no. 220, pl. 28a (fols. 115v–116r), figs. 425, 426, 597 (fols. 76v–77r, 115r, binding).
Wieck, Roger S. Time Sanctified: The Book of Hours in Medieval Art and Life. New York: George Braziller, 1988, pp. 53, 207–208, cat. no. 79, fig. 22 (fol. 7r).
Baert, Barbara. "The Gaze in the Garden: Body and Embodiment in Noli me tangere." Nederlands kunsthistorisch jaarboek 58 (2007): 14-39; pp. 26, 38.
Bennett, Adelaide. "Mary Magdalen's Seven Deadly Sins in a Psalter-Hours." In Insights and Interpretations: Studies in Celebration of the Eighty-Fifth Anniversary of the Index of Christian Art, edited by Colum Hourihane. Princeton, NJ: Trustees of Princeton University, 2002, pp. 17-34; p. 33 (n. 40).
Bergmans, Anna. "Femmes Saintes, La Passion du Christ et l'Amour Mystique." In "Als Ich Can": Liber Amicorum in Memory of Professor Dr. Maurits Smeyers, edited by Bert Cardon, Jan Van der Stock, and Dominique Vanwijnsberghe, 141-163, vol. 1. Leuven: Peeters Press, 2002; p. 150 (n. 30).
Nevins, Teresa. "Book of Hours." In Medieval Mastery: Book Illumination from Charlemagne to Charles the Bold (800-1475). Edited by William Noel and Lee Preedy. Turnhout, Belgium: Brepols, 2002; pp. 222-223, cat. no. 47.
Śnieżyńska-Stolotowa, Ewa. Astrological Iconography in the Middle Ages: The Decanal Planets. Krakow: Jagiellonian University Press, 2003; pp. 38, 75-76.
Marrow, James H., Brigitte Dekeyzer, and Jan Van Der Stock. Pictorial Invention in the Netherlandish Manuscript Illumination of the Late Middle Ages: The Play of Illusion and Meaning. Leuven: Peeters Publishers, 2005; pp. 7, 11, 35 (n. 23).
Bennett, Adelaide. "Continuity and Change in the Religious Book Culture of the Lowlands in the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Centuries." In Medieval Mastery: Book Illumination from Charlemagne to Charles the Bold (800-1475). Edited by William Noel and Lee Preedy, 167-179. Turnhout, Belgium: Brepols, 2002; p. 176.
Walsh, Christine. "'Erat Abigail Mulier Prudentissima': Gilbert of Tournai and Attitudes to Female Sanctity in the Thirteenth Century." In Saints and Sanctity. Edited by Peter Clarke and Tony Claydon, 171-180. Woodbridge, Suffolk: Boydell Press, 2011; p. 179.
Wirth, Jean, and Isabelle Engammare. Les marges à drôleries des manuscrits gothiques, 1250-1350. Geneva: Librairie Droz, 2008; p. 336.
Baert, Barbara. "Noli me tangere and the Senses." Religion and the Senses in Early Modern Europe. Edited by Wietse de Boer and Christine Göttler, 111-152; Leiden, Netherlands: Brill, 2012; p. 141.
These are pages that we pulled aside that disrupted the flow of the manuscript reader. These may be bindings, inserts, bookmarks, and various other oddities.
Liège
Ca. 1300-1310 CE
book
Non-original Binding
Bound in Belgium, ca. fifteenth or sixteenth century; brown leather over wood boards; rebacked, corners repaired, and resewn on five single cords by Gruel in Paris in late nineteenth or early twentieth century; upper and lower covers have panel stamped design in blind with two columns of four motifs, each in a square, with fleur-de-lis flanking a paschal lamb and an eagle; inscription down center of imagery reads "AVE MARIA GRACIA;" spine rounded and backed; worn gilt edges; evidence of two metal fore-edge clasps on upper and lower boards
The primary language in this manuscript is Latin. The secondary language of this manuscript is French, Old (842-ca.1400).
Created for use in Liège ca. 1300-1310, likely for a female owner, possibly a Beguine living in Huy
Owned by Fizinne family of Huy from at least 1410 until after 1604; inscription on fols. 1v-2r reads: "Guillaulme de Fizinne prieur de Buylon [Bouillon]" (d. 1410); Guillaulme seigneur de Fizinne" (d. 1474); his daughter "Jehanne de Fizinne" (d. 1558), who apparently had the book rebound; her daughter "Margarite de Daulin" (d. 1559), cited as "ma mere" by scribe of ownership entries; her son "Sire Jehan Connart (?)," canon of Huy (d. 1577); his gift to "Jean Sire de Fizinne" (d. 1604), who gave it to his daughter "Catherine...damme de hauresay [?]" (d. 1596); her daughter "Anne de Woha [?];" "et depuys au hault Vowe [?] de Sironville" (provenance)
Léon Gruel and Robert Engelmann collection, Paris, late nineteenth or early twentieth century; their bookplate "GE" inscribed "No. 390," and descriptive dealer slip formerly affixed to front flyleaf
Henry Walters, Baltimore, purchased from Gruel between 1905 and 1931
Walters Art Museum, 1931, by Henry Walters' bequest
Liège
Ca. 1300-1310 CE
book
The primary language in this manuscript is Latin. The secondary language of this manuscript is French, Old (842-ca.1400).
Created for use in Liège ca. 1300-1310, likely for a female owner, possibly a Beguine living in Huy
Owned by Fizinne family of Huy from at least 1410 until after 1604; inscription on fols. 1v-2r reads: "Guillaulme de Fizinne prieur de Buylon [Bouillon]" (d. 1410); Guillaulme seigneur de Fizinne" (d. 1474); his daughter "Jehanne de Fizinne" (d. 1558), who apparently had the book rebound; her daughter "Margarite de Daulin" (d. 1559), cited as "ma mere" by scribe of ownership entries; her son "Sire Jehan Connart (?)," canon of Huy (d. 1577); his gift to "Jean Sire de Fizinne" (d. 1604), who gave it to his daughter "Catherine...damme de hauresay [?]" (d. 1596); her daughter "Anne de Woha [?];" "et depuys au hault Vowe [?] de Sironville" (provenance)
Léon Gruel and Robert Engelmann collection, Paris, late nineteenth or early twentieth century; their bookplate "GE" inscribed "No. 390," and descriptive dealer slip formerly affixed to front flyleaf
Henry Walters, Baltimore, purchased from Gruel between 1905 and 1931
Walters Art Museum, 1931, by Henry Walters' bequest
This small but richly illuminated Book of Hours was made ca. 1300-10 for the Use of Liège. The manuscript was created for a woman, likely a Beguine living in Huy, and inscriptions indicate it continued to be used in that region by another family into the seventeenth century. The number and variety of illuminations in the manuscript are remarkable given its small size, for it contains fourteen extant full-page miniatures, twenty-four calendar images, eleven extant large historiated initials, 188 small historiated initials, and countless marginal drolleries. Although an early rebinding resulted in the loss or rearrangement of several folios, this manuscript remains a fine example of the richness and intimacy of a Book of Hours from this period.
Calendar: textura; main text: rounded textura, with major medial pauses marked by punctus elevatus, and final pauses by punctus; ownership entries on fols. 1v-2r written in cursive in gray-brown ink
Principal cataloger: Randall, Lilian M.C.
Cataloger: Herbert, Lynley
Editor: Herbert, Lynley
Copy editor: Dibble, Charles
Contributor: Emery, Doug
Contributor: Grollemond, Larisa
Contributor: Herbert, Lynley
Contributor: Izer, Emily
Contributor: Noel, William
Contributor: Schuele, Allyson
Contributor: Tabritha, Ariel
Contributor: Toth, Michael B.
Contributor: Wiegand, Kimber
Conservator: Owen, Linda
Conservator: Quandt, Abigail
Beer, Ellen J., et al. Das Graduale von Sankt Katharinenthal: Kommentar…. Das Graduale von Sankt Katharinenthal um 1312, edited by Schweizerisches Landesmuseum. Lucerne: Faksimile-Verlag, 1983, pp. 118, 119, 184, figs. 7, 42, 43 (fols. 69v–70r, 16, 91v).
Oliver, Judith H. Gothic Manuscript Illumination in the Diocese of Liège (c. 1250–c. 1330). 2 vols. Corpus of Illuminated Manuscripts from the Low Countries. Leuven: Uitgeverij Peeters, 1988, cat. no. 1.
Vandenbroeck, Paul, et al. Le jardin clos de l'ame: L'imaginaire des religieuses dans les Pays-Bas du Sud depuis le 13e siècle. Brussels: Martial et Snoeck, 1994, p. 8 (fol. 93).
Śnieżyńska-Stolot, Ewa. "Das ptolemäische Weltbild und die mittelalterliche Ikonographie." Weiner Jahrbuch für Kunstgeschichte 46/47 (1993/1994): 699–713.
George, Philippe. “Iconographies de saints mosans.” Bulletin de la Société Royale Le Vieux-Liège 11, nos. 246–47 (July–December 1989): 560-562, fig. 1 (fols. 115v–116r).
Smeyers, Mauritius. Flemish Miniatures from the 8th to the mid-16th Century: The Medieval World on Parchment. Turnhout, Belgium: Brepols, 1999; pp. 161, 162 (fig. 76).
Lane, Barbara Greenhouse. The Development of the Medieval Devotional Figure. PhD diss., University of Pennsylvania, 1971: p. 174, fig. 193 (fol. 77).
Robb, David M. The Art of the Illuminated Manuscript. South Brunswick: A. S. Barnes, 1973, pp. 239, 241, fig. 164 (fol. 83v).
Joslin, Mary Coker and Carolyn Coker Joslin Watson. The Egerton Genesis. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2001; p. 245 (n. 62).
Simons, Walter. Cities of Ladies: Beguine Communities in the Medieval Low Countries, 1200-1565. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2001; p. 216.
Gruel, Léon. Collection de Léon Gruel: manuscrits rares et précieux à miniatures des IXe, XIIe, XIIIe, XIVe, XVe, XVIe siècles. Paris: ca. 1905, cat. no. 8.
De Ricci, S. and W. J. Wilson. Census of Medieval and Renaissance Manuscripts in the United States and Canada. Vol. 1. New York: H. W. Wilson Company, 1935, p. 782, cat. no. 158.
Miner, Dorothy. Illuminated Books of the Middle Ages and Renaissance: An Exhibition Held at the Baltimore Museum of Art. Baltimore: Walters Art Gallery, 1949, cat. no. 55, pl. 31 (fol. 83v).
Randall, Lilian M. C. Images in the Margins of Gothic Manuscripts. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1966, p. 37, figs. 81, 244, 339 (fols. 158v–159r, 54v–55r, 161v–162r).
Randall, Lilian M. C. Medieval and Renaissance Manuscripts in the Walters Art Gallery. Vol. 3, pt. 1. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1997, pp. 56–64, cat. no. 220, pl. 28a (fols. 115v–116r), figs. 425, 426, 597 (fols. 76v–77r, 115r, binding).
Wieck, Roger S. Time Sanctified: The Book of Hours in Medieval Art and Life. New York: George Braziller, 1988, pp. 53, 207–208, cat. no. 79, fig. 22 (fol. 7r).
Baert, Barbara. "The Gaze in the Garden: Body and Embodiment in Noli me tangere." Nederlands kunsthistorisch jaarboek 58 (2007): 14-39; pp. 26, 38.
Bennett, Adelaide. "Mary Magdalen's Seven Deadly Sins in a Psalter-Hours." In Insights and Interpretations: Studies in Celebration of the Eighty-Fifth Anniversary of the Index of Christian Art, edited by Colum Hourihane. Princeton, NJ: Trustees of Princeton University, 2002, pp. 17-34; p. 33 (n. 40).
Bergmans, Anna. "Femmes Saintes, La Passion du Christ et l'Amour Mystique." In "Als Ich Can": Liber Amicorum in Memory of Professor Dr. Maurits Smeyers, edited by Bert Cardon, Jan Van der Stock, and Dominique Vanwijnsberghe, 141-163, vol. 1. Leuven: Peeters Press, 2002; p. 150 (n. 30).
Nevins, Teresa. "Book of Hours." In Medieval Mastery: Book Illumination from Charlemagne to Charles the Bold (800-1475). Edited by William Noel and Lee Preedy. Turnhout, Belgium: Brepols, 2002; pp. 222-223, cat. no. 47.
Śnieżyńska-Stolotowa, Ewa. Astrological Iconography in the Middle Ages: The Decanal Planets. Krakow: Jagiellonian University Press, 2003; pp. 38, 75-76.
Marrow, James H., Brigitte Dekeyzer, and Jan Van Der Stock. Pictorial Invention in the Netherlandish Manuscript Illumination of the Late Middle Ages: The Play of Illusion and Meaning. Leuven: Peeters Publishers, 2005; pp. 7, 11, 35 (n. 23).
Bennett, Adelaide. "Continuity and Change in the Religious Book Culture of the Lowlands in the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Centuries." In Medieval Mastery: Book Illumination from Charlemagne to Charles the Bold (800-1475). Edited by William Noel and Lee Preedy, 167-179. Turnhout, Belgium: Brepols, 2002; p. 176.
Walsh, Christine. "'Erat Abigail Mulier Prudentissima': Gilbert of Tournai and Attitudes to Female Sanctity in the Thirteenth Century." In Saints and Sanctity. Edited by Peter Clarke and Tony Claydon, 171-180. Woodbridge, Suffolk: Boydell Press, 2011; p. 179.
Wirth, Jean, and Isabelle Engammare. Les marges à drôleries des manuscrits gothiques, 1250-1350. Geneva: Librairie Droz, 2008; p. 336.
Baert, Barbara. "Noli me tangere and the Senses." Religion and the Senses in Early Modern Europe. Edited by Wietse de Boer and Christine Göttler, 111-152; Leiden, Netherlands: Brill, 2012; p. 141.
These are pages that we pulled aside that disrupted the flow of the manuscript reader. These may be bindings, inserts, bookmarks, and various other oddities.
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