The Digital Walters is a branch of The Walters Art Museum Manuscripts Department.
The Digital Walters is a branch of The Walters Art Museum Manuscripts Department.
This pocket-size Book of Hours was completed for Use of Rome ca. 1450 and was illuminated under the influence of the artists of the Turin-Milan Hours and the Masters of the Gold Scrolls. There are thirteen extant miniatures (inserted), typological border themes, and drolleries. While the extant miniatures exhibit elegance and technical mastery, the figural decoration in the borders is marked in its contrast. However, the collaborating artists seem to have taken a certain amount of delight in the adjoining drolleries. The book itself has seen heavy use, and its original male owner is depicted with an inscribed scroll in the lower border at the first extant illuminated opening on fol. 17r. His image is possibly conflated with that of Lazarus on fol. 35v, and he can be seen depicted in borders throughout the manuscript. The majority of female saints in the litany suggests Franciscan and Francophile sympathies. The Book of Hours features calendar additions that indicate Spanish ownership in the second half of the fifteenth century, and it was rebound in Spain in the nineteenth century.
Full-page miniature on fols. 16r, 49r, 61r, 86r, and 111r
artist: Influenced by the Masters of the Gold Scrolls
artist: Influenced by artists of Turin-Milan Hours
Principal cataloger: Randall, Lilian M.C.
Cataloger: Herbold, Rebekah
Editor: Herbert, Lynley
Copy editor: Wallace, Susan
Contributor: Emery, Doug
Contributor: Noel, William
Contributor: Ransom, Allison
Contributor: Tabritha, Ariel
Contributor: Toth, Michael B.
Contributor: Wiegand, Kimber
Conservator: Owen, Linda
Conservator: Quandt, Abigail
Smeyers, M. "A Mid-Fifteenth Century Book of Hours from Bruges in the Walters Art Gallery (MS.721) and Its Relation to the 'Turin-Milan Hours'." Journal of the Walters Art Gallery 46 (1988): 55-76; pp. 56-64, 66-68, figs. 1-15 (fols. 16v-17r, 35v, 49v-50r, 61v, 86v-87r, 111v-112r, 132v-133r, 157v-158r, 168v-169r, 173v-174r, 182v-183r, 187v-188r, 195r, 211r, 277v)
Ainsworth, Maryan W. “Workshop of Jan van Eyck: St. Jerome in His Study.” In Petrus Christus: Renaissance Master of Bruges. Exhibition Catalogue: Metropolitan Museum of Art, 14 April-31 July 1994. Edited by Maryan W. Ainsworth, 68-71. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1994; p. 70.
Van Buren, Anne H. “Die Schlußkampagne,” “The Final Campaign,” and “La dernière campagne.” In Heures de Turin-Milan. Edited by Anne van Buren, James H. Marrow, and Silvana Pettenati, 149-161, 342-353, 538-550. Lucerne: Faksimile Verlag, 1996; pp. 161 (n. 41), 353 (n. 41), 550 (n. 41).
Wackers, Paul. Nederlandse litteratuur en cultuur in de middeleeuwen: Verraders en Bruggenbouwers: Verkenningen naar de relatie tussen Latinitas en Middelnederlandse letterkunde. Vol. 15. Amsterdam: Prometheus. 1996, cover (fol. 277v).
Panofsky, Erwin. Peinture et dévotion en Europe du Nord: à la fin du Moyen âge. Paris: Flammarion. 1997, p. 95, fig. 65 (fol. 277v).
Spantigati, Carlenrica, Joseph J. Rishel, and Carl Brandon Strehlke. Jan Van Eyck (1390 c. - 1441) Opere a confronto. Torino: Umberto Allemandi & C.. 1997, p. 58, cat. no. 37 (fol. 277v).
Hall, Edwin. "The Detroit Saint Jerome in Search of Its Painter." Bulletin of the Detroit Institute of Arts 72, nos. 1/2 (1998): 10-37, p. 15, fig. 5 (fol. 277v).
Osano, Shigetoshi. The Detroit "St. Jerome in His Study" Reconsidered in the History of a Saint's Image Making, Reception and Collecting. Image and Text: Studies in Western Art 1 (1999), p. 9 (fol. 277v).
Smeyers, Maurits. Flemish Miniatures from the 8th to the Mid-16th Century: The Medieval World on Parchment. Turnhout: Brepols, 1999; pp. 262, 263, 285.
Baert, Barbara. “La Piscine Probatique à Jérusalem: Une source thérapeutique dans les textes et les images médiévaux.” In "Als Ich Can": Liber Amicorum in Memory of Professor Dr. Maurits Smeyers. Edited by Bert Cardon, Jan Van der Stock, and Dominique Vanwijnsberghe, 91-130, vol. 1. Leuven: Peeters Press, 2002; p. 116.
Noel, William. "Books in the Home: Psalters and Books of Hours." In Medieval Mastery: Book Illumination from Charlemagne to Charles the Bold (800-1475). Edited by William Noel and Lee Preedy, 56-67. Turnhout: Brepols, 2002; p. 67 (fig. 14).
Baert, Barbara. A Heritage of Holy Wood: The Legend of the True Cross in Text and Image. Leiden: Brill, 2004; p. 277.
Büttner, F.O. “Sehen—verstehen—erleben. Besondere Redaktion narrativer Ikonographie im Studengebetuch.” In Images of Cult and Devotion: Function and Reception of Christian Images in Medieval and Post Medieval Europe. Edited by Søren Kaspersen and Ulla Haastrup, 89-148. Copenhagen: Museum Tusculanum Press, 2004; pp. 136, 146.
Bousmanne, Bernard, and Thierry Delcourt, eds. Miniatures flamandes, 1404-1482. Belgium: Bibliothèque royale de Belgique, 2011, p. 171.
These are pages that we pulled aside that disrupted the flow of the manuscript reader. These may be bindings, inserts, bookmarks, and various other oddities.
Bruges (?)
Ca. 1450 CE
book
Non-original Binding
Rebound in Spain, ca. nineteenth century; brown calf sewn on four recessed cords; hollow spine with gilt decoration in five compartments, the second compartment contains a Spanish title of gilt letters reading "Oraciones a la virgen"; repairs made by Bentzel in 1935; gilt edges
The primary language in this manuscript is Latin.
Bruges
Male owner, depicted with an inscribed scroll on first illuminated text opening
Spanish owner, second half of the fifteenth century
Henry Walters, Baltimore, purchased from unknown source between 1895 and 1931
Walters Art Museum, 1931, by Henry Walters' bequest
Bruges (?)
Ca. 1450 CE
book
The primary language in this manuscript is Latin.
Bruges
Male owner, depicted with an inscribed scroll on first illuminated text opening
Spanish owner, second half of the fifteenth century
Henry Walters, Baltimore, purchased from unknown source between 1895 and 1931
Walters Art Museum, 1931, by Henry Walters' bequest
This pocket-size Book of Hours was completed for Use of Rome ca. 1450 and was illuminated under the influence of the artists of the Turin-Milan Hours and the Masters of the Gold Scrolls. There are thirteen extant miniatures (inserted), typological border themes, and drolleries. While the extant miniatures exhibit elegance and technical mastery, the figural decoration in the borders is marked in its contrast. However, the collaborating artists seem to have taken a certain amount of delight in the adjoining drolleries. The book itself has seen heavy use, and its original male owner is depicted with an inscribed scroll in the lower border at the first extant illuminated opening on fol. 17r. His image is possibly conflated with that of Lazarus on fol. 35v, and he can be seen depicted in borders throughout the manuscript. The majority of female saints in the litany suggests Franciscan and Francophile sympathies. The Book of Hours features calendar additions that indicate Spanish ownership in the second half of the fifteenth century, and it was rebound in Spain in the nineteenth century.
Full-page miniature on fols. 16r, 49r, 61r, 86r, and 111r
artist: Influenced by the Masters of the Gold Scrolls
artist: Influenced by artists of Turin-Milan Hours
Principal cataloger: Randall, Lilian M.C.
Cataloger: Herbold, Rebekah
Editor: Herbert, Lynley
Copy editor: Wallace, Susan
Contributor: Emery, Doug
Contributor: Noel, William
Contributor: Ransom, Allison
Contributor: Tabritha, Ariel
Contributor: Toth, Michael B.
Contributor: Wiegand, Kimber
Conservator: Owen, Linda
Conservator: Quandt, Abigail
Smeyers, M. "A Mid-Fifteenth Century Book of Hours from Bruges in the Walters Art Gallery (MS.721) and Its Relation to the 'Turin-Milan Hours'." Journal of the Walters Art Gallery 46 (1988): 55-76; pp. 56-64, 66-68, figs. 1-15 (fols. 16v-17r, 35v, 49v-50r, 61v, 86v-87r, 111v-112r, 132v-133r, 157v-158r, 168v-169r, 173v-174r, 182v-183r, 187v-188r, 195r, 211r, 277v)
Ainsworth, Maryan W. “Workshop of Jan van Eyck: St. Jerome in His Study.” In Petrus Christus: Renaissance Master of Bruges. Exhibition Catalogue: Metropolitan Museum of Art, 14 April-31 July 1994. Edited by Maryan W. Ainsworth, 68-71. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1994; p. 70.
Van Buren, Anne H. “Die Schlußkampagne,” “The Final Campaign,” and “La dernière campagne.” In Heures de Turin-Milan. Edited by Anne van Buren, James H. Marrow, and Silvana Pettenati, 149-161, 342-353, 538-550. Lucerne: Faksimile Verlag, 1996; pp. 161 (n. 41), 353 (n. 41), 550 (n. 41).
Wackers, Paul. Nederlandse litteratuur en cultuur in de middeleeuwen: Verraders en Bruggenbouwers: Verkenningen naar de relatie tussen Latinitas en Middelnederlandse letterkunde. Vol. 15. Amsterdam: Prometheus. 1996, cover (fol. 277v).
Panofsky, Erwin. Peinture et dévotion en Europe du Nord: à la fin du Moyen âge. Paris: Flammarion. 1997, p. 95, fig. 65 (fol. 277v).
Spantigati, Carlenrica, Joseph J. Rishel, and Carl Brandon Strehlke. Jan Van Eyck (1390 c. - 1441) Opere a confronto. Torino: Umberto Allemandi & C.. 1997, p. 58, cat. no. 37 (fol. 277v).
Hall, Edwin. "The Detroit Saint Jerome in Search of Its Painter." Bulletin of the Detroit Institute of Arts 72, nos. 1/2 (1998): 10-37, p. 15, fig. 5 (fol. 277v).
Osano, Shigetoshi. The Detroit "St. Jerome in His Study" Reconsidered in the History of a Saint's Image Making, Reception and Collecting. Image and Text: Studies in Western Art 1 (1999), p. 9 (fol. 277v).
Smeyers, Maurits. Flemish Miniatures from the 8th to the Mid-16th Century: The Medieval World on Parchment. Turnhout: Brepols, 1999; pp. 262, 263, 285.
Baert, Barbara. “La Piscine Probatique à Jérusalem: Une source thérapeutique dans les textes et les images médiévaux.” In "Als Ich Can": Liber Amicorum in Memory of Professor Dr. Maurits Smeyers. Edited by Bert Cardon, Jan Van der Stock, and Dominique Vanwijnsberghe, 91-130, vol. 1. Leuven: Peeters Press, 2002; p. 116.
Noel, William. "Books in the Home: Psalters and Books of Hours." In Medieval Mastery: Book Illumination from Charlemagne to Charles the Bold (800-1475). Edited by William Noel and Lee Preedy, 56-67. Turnhout: Brepols, 2002; p. 67 (fig. 14).
Baert, Barbara. A Heritage of Holy Wood: The Legend of the True Cross in Text and Image. Leiden: Brill, 2004; p. 277.
Büttner, F.O. “Sehen—verstehen—erleben. Besondere Redaktion narrativer Ikonographie im Studengebetuch.” In Images of Cult and Devotion: Function and Reception of Christian Images in Medieval and Post Medieval Europe. Edited by Søren Kaspersen and Ulla Haastrup, 89-148. Copenhagen: Museum Tusculanum Press, 2004; pp. 136, 146.
Bousmanne, Bernard, and Thierry Delcourt, eds. Miniatures flamandes, 1404-1482. Belgium: Bibliothèque royale de Belgique, 2011, p. 171.
These are pages that we pulled aside that disrupted the flow of the manuscript reader. These may be bindings, inserts, bookmarks, and various other oddities.
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