The Digital Walters is a branch of The Walters Art Museum Manuscripts Department.
The Digital Walters is a branch of The Walters Art Museum Manuscripts Department.
This manuscript was created ca. 1315-25 in the region of Ghent, likely for the woman depicted in the margin of fol. 171r. Combining both a Psalter and a Book of Hours, and including a series of hymns, this manuscript provided its owner with extensive texts for personal devotion. A series of thirty-three historiated initials provide visual associations with the readings, while its rich marginal drolleries would have delighted the reader. The illumination is in the style of the Master of the Copenhagen Hours (Copenhagen, Kongelige Bibliotek, MS. ThoU 547 4). Added prayers, as well as ownership inscriptions ranging from the fifteenth through twentieth centuries, attest to the long life and use of the manuscript.
Three different hands
Principal cataloger: Randall, Lilian M.C.
Cataloger: Herbert, Lynley
Editor: Herbert, Lynley
Copy editor: Dibble, Charles
Contributor: Emery, Doug
Contributor: Herbert, Lynley
Contributor: Izer, Emily
Contributor: Noel, William
Contributor: Schuele, Allyson
Contributor: Tabritha, Ariel
Contributor: Toth, Michael B.
Contributor: Wiegand, Kimber
Conservator: Owen, Linda
Conservator: Quandt, Abigail
De Ricci, Seymour, and W. J. Wilson. Census of Medieval and Renaissance Manuscripts in the United States and Canada. Vol. 1. New York: H. W. Wilson Company, 1935; p. 773, cat. no. 99.
Janson, H.W. Apes and Ape Lore. London: Studies of the Warburg Institute, 1952; pp. 168, 188, 190, 193, 197, 198, Pl. xxvib.
Randall, Lilian M.C. "A Medieval Slander." Art Bulletin 42 (1960): 25-38; p. 27, Fig 1.
Randall, Lilian M.C. Images on the Margins of Gothic Manuscripts. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1966; Figs. 10, 70, 82, 90, 391, 393, 581, 649.
Stones, M.A. "Illustrations of the French Prose Lancelot in Flanders, Belgium, and Paris, 1250-1340." PhD diss., University of London, 1970-1; pp. 225, 226, 232, 233, 238, 461, 472, 497, 507-511.
Helsinger, H. "Images on the Beatus Page of Some Medieval Psalters." Art Bulletin 53 (1971): 161-176; 171, 174, Fig. 15.
Verdier, Philippe. "Woman in the Marginalia of Gothic Manuscripts." In The Role of Woman in the Middle Ages, edited by Rosmarie Thee Morewedge, 121-160. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1972; pp. 132, 133, 136, 153, 155, 172, 175, Figs. 7, 11.
Randall, Lilian M.C. "Women in Manuscripts: Ms. in Miss." Bulletin of the Walters Art Gallery 28 (1975): 2-4; pp. 2-4, Fig. 4.
Freeman, Margaret B. The Unicorn Tapestries. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1976; pp. 41, 42, Figs. 32, 33.
Carlvant, K.B.E. "Collaboration in a Fourteenth Century Psalter: The Franciscan Iconographer and the Two Flemish Illuminators of MS 3384.8 in the Copenhagen Royal Library." Sacris Erudiri. Jaarboek voor Godsdienstwetneshappen 25 (1982): 135-166; pp. 136, 145, 149, 150.
Stones, M.A. "Notes on Three Illuminated Alexander Manuscripts." In The Medieval Alexander Legend and Romance Epic: Essays in Honor of David J. A. Ross, edited by P. Noble, L. Polak, and C.C. Isoz, 193-241. Millwood, NY: Kraus International Publication, 1982; p. 206.
Stones, M.A. "Another Short Note on Rylands French 1." Romanesque and Gothic: Essays for George Zarnecki, edited by N. Stratford. Woodbridge, Suffolk, and Wolfeboro, NH: Boydell Press, 1987; pp. 188-190.
Camille, M. Images on the Edge: The Margins of Medieval Art. London: Reaktion Books, 1992; p. 133, Fig. 70.
Smeyers, M, et. al. Naer natueren ghelike: Vlaamse minaturen voor van Eyck. Louvain, 1993; pp. 71, 125.
Carlvant, K. Exhibition Catalogue: Gent duizend jaar: p. 349, reference under 575.
Bousmanne, Bernard. Item à Guillaume Wyelant aussi enlumineur: Willem Vrelant, un aspect de l'enluminure dans les Pays-Bas méridionaux sous le mécénat des ducs de Bourgogne Philippe le Bon et Charles le Téméraire. Bibliothèque Royale de Belgique. Turnhout, Belgium: Brepols, 1997; p. 356 (n. 14).
Randall, Lilian M. C. Medieval and Renaissance Manuscripts in the Walters Art Gallery. Vol. 3, Belgium, 1250-1530. Baltimore and London: Johns Hopkins University Press in association with the Walters Art Gallery, 1997: pp. 77-85, cat. no. 225.
Smeyers, Mauritius. Flemish Miniatures from the 8th to the mid-16th Century: The Medieval World on Parchment. Turnhout, Belgium: Brepols, 1999; pp. 114 (fig. 1), 115, 172 (n. 63 for p. 141).
Gy, Pierre-Marie. "Bulletin de liturgie." Revue des sciences philosophiques et théologiques 84 (2000): 513-544; p. 520.
Barasch, Moshe. Blindness: The History of a Mental Image in Western Thought. New York: Routledge, 2001; pp. 100-101, 173 (n. 79).
Joslin, Mary Coker, and Carolyn Coker Joslin Watson. The Egerton Genesis. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2001; pp. 52-53 (fig. 21), 87, 91, 97-98, 101, 130, 132, 176-177, 203-204, 206-207, 209, 210 (figs. 73-74), 211, 213, 218-220, 222-224, 226-227, 233, 240-241.
Moore, Elizabeth B. "The Urban Fabric and Framework of Ghent in the Margins of Oxford, Bodleian LIbrary, MSS Douce 5-6." In "Als Ich Can": Liber Amicorum in Memory of Professor Dr. Maurits Smeyers, edited by Bert Cardon, Jan Van der Stock, and Dominique Vanwijnsberghe, 983-1006, vol. 2. Leuven: Peeters Press, 2002; p. 985 (n. 13).
Nevins Teresa. "Book of Hours." In Medieval Mastery: Book Illumination from Charlemagne to Charles the Bold (800-1475). Edited by William Noel and Lee Preedy. Turnhout, Belgium: Brepols, 2002; pp. 236-37, cat. no. 54.
Gil, Marc, and Ludovic Nys. Saint-Omer gothique: les arts figuratifs à Saint-Omer à la fin du Moyen Âge, 1250-1550 : peinture, vitrail, sculpture, arts du livre. Valenciennes Cedex: Presses Universitaires deValenciennes, 2004; p. 76.
Kessler, Herbert L. Seeing Medieval Art. Ontario: Broadview Press, Ltd, 2004; p. 139.
Mellinkoff, Ruth. Averting Demons. Los Angeles: Mellinkoff Publications, 2004; p. 151 (fig. VII.8).
Mellinkoff, Ruth. "Break a Leg!" In Tributes in Honor of Jonathan J.G. Alexander: The Making and Meaning of Illuminated Medieval and Renaissance Manuscripts, Art, and Architecture. Edited by Susan L’Engle and Gerald B. Gest, 233-248. Turnhout, Belgium: Harvey Miller Publishers, 2006; p. 243.
Metzler, Irina. Disability in Medieval Europe: Thinking about Physical Impairment during the High Middle Ages, c. 1100-1400. Oxford: Routledge, 2006; p. 327 (n. 427 for page 175).
Les marges à drôleries des manuscrits gothiques, 1250-1350. Geneva: Librairie Droz, 2008; pp. 69, 113, 116-117, 123, 133, 147, 202, 314, 344, 354, 356.
Stones, Alison. "Manuscripts, Illuminated." In The New Arthurian Encyclopedia: Updated Paperback Edition. Edited by Norris J. Lacy, Geoffrey Ashe, Sandra Ness Ihle, Marianne E. Kalinke, Raymond H. Thompson, 299-308. NY: Routledge, 2008; p. 306.
Hourihane, Colum. Pontius Pilate: Anti-semitism, and the Passion in Medieval Art. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2009; p. 304.
Leo, Dominic. Images, Texts, and Marginalia in a "Vows of the Peacock" Manuscript (New York, Pierpont Morgan Library MS G24). Leiden, Netherlands: Brill Publishers, 2013; pp. 53 (n. 12), 347.
These are pages that we pulled aside that disrupted the flow of the manuscript reader. These may be bindings, inserts, bookmarks, and various other oddities.
Ghent
Ca. 1315-1325 CE
book
Non-original Binding
Green velvet binding by Léon Gruel, Paris, late nineteenth or early twentieth century; five cords re-sewn at what appear to be original places; page edges painted red; leather dealer tabs added
The primary language in this manuscript is Latin.
Created ca. 1315-25 for Benedictine use, in the region of Ghent and the diocese of Tournai based on the Use of the Office of the Dead; female lay owner possibly depicted in margin of fol. 171r; heraldic
Jacques Mauze
"Ex libris Crouzon," seventeenth- or eighteenth-century inscription on fol. 1r
G.E. Street, nineteenth-century ownership inscription on fol. 1r
Léon Gruel, Paris, late nineteenth or early twentieth century; his number, "No 46," inscribed on fol. 1r
Henry Walters, Baltimore, purchased from Gruel between 1895 and 1931
Walters Art Museum, 1931, by Henry Walters' bequest
Ghent
Ca. 1315-1325 CE
book
The primary language in this manuscript is Latin.
Created ca. 1315-25 for Benedictine use, in the region of Ghent and the diocese of Tournai based on the Use of the Office of the Dead; female lay owner possibly depicted in margin of fol. 171r; heraldic
Jacques Mauze
"Ex libris Crouzon," seventeenth- or eighteenth-century inscription on fol. 1r
G.E. Street, nineteenth-century ownership inscription on fol. 1r
Léon Gruel, Paris, late nineteenth or early twentieth century; his number, "No 46," inscribed on fol. 1r
Henry Walters, Baltimore, purchased from Gruel between 1895 and 1931
Walters Art Museum, 1931, by Henry Walters' bequest
This manuscript was created ca. 1315-25 in the region of Ghent, likely for the woman depicted in the margin of fol. 171r. Combining both a Psalter and a Book of Hours, and including a series of hymns, this manuscript provided its owner with extensive texts for personal devotion. A series of thirty-three historiated initials provide visual associations with the readings, while its rich marginal drolleries would have delighted the reader. The illumination is in the style of the Master of the Copenhagen Hours (Copenhagen, Kongelige Bibliotek, MS. ThoU 547 4). Added prayers, as well as ownership inscriptions ranging from the fifteenth through twentieth centuries, attest to the long life and use of the manuscript.
Three different hands
Principal cataloger: Randall, Lilian M.C.
Cataloger: Herbert, Lynley
Editor: Herbert, Lynley
Copy editor: Dibble, Charles
Contributor: Emery, Doug
Contributor: Herbert, Lynley
Contributor: Izer, Emily
Contributor: Noel, William
Contributor: Schuele, Allyson
Contributor: Tabritha, Ariel
Contributor: Toth, Michael B.
Contributor: Wiegand, Kimber
Conservator: Owen, Linda
Conservator: Quandt, Abigail
De Ricci, Seymour, and W. J. Wilson. Census of Medieval and Renaissance Manuscripts in the United States and Canada. Vol. 1. New York: H. W. Wilson Company, 1935; p. 773, cat. no. 99.
Janson, H.W. Apes and Ape Lore. London: Studies of the Warburg Institute, 1952; pp. 168, 188, 190, 193, 197, 198, Pl. xxvib.
Randall, Lilian M.C. "A Medieval Slander." Art Bulletin 42 (1960): 25-38; p. 27, Fig 1.
Randall, Lilian M.C. Images on the Margins of Gothic Manuscripts. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1966; Figs. 10, 70, 82, 90, 391, 393, 581, 649.
Stones, M.A. "Illustrations of the French Prose Lancelot in Flanders, Belgium, and Paris, 1250-1340." PhD diss., University of London, 1970-1; pp. 225, 226, 232, 233, 238, 461, 472, 497, 507-511.
Helsinger, H. "Images on the Beatus Page of Some Medieval Psalters." Art Bulletin 53 (1971): 161-176; 171, 174, Fig. 15.
Verdier, Philippe. "Woman in the Marginalia of Gothic Manuscripts." In The Role of Woman in the Middle Ages, edited by Rosmarie Thee Morewedge, 121-160. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1972; pp. 132, 133, 136, 153, 155, 172, 175, Figs. 7, 11.
Randall, Lilian M.C. "Women in Manuscripts: Ms. in Miss." Bulletin of the Walters Art Gallery 28 (1975): 2-4; pp. 2-4, Fig. 4.
Freeman, Margaret B. The Unicorn Tapestries. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1976; pp. 41, 42, Figs. 32, 33.
Carlvant, K.B.E. "Collaboration in a Fourteenth Century Psalter: The Franciscan Iconographer and the Two Flemish Illuminators of MS 3384.8 in the Copenhagen Royal Library." Sacris Erudiri. Jaarboek voor Godsdienstwetneshappen 25 (1982): 135-166; pp. 136, 145, 149, 150.
Stones, M.A. "Notes on Three Illuminated Alexander Manuscripts." In The Medieval Alexander Legend and Romance Epic: Essays in Honor of David J. A. Ross, edited by P. Noble, L. Polak, and C.C. Isoz, 193-241. Millwood, NY: Kraus International Publication, 1982; p. 206.
Stones, M.A. "Another Short Note on Rylands French 1." Romanesque and Gothic: Essays for George Zarnecki, edited by N. Stratford. Woodbridge, Suffolk, and Wolfeboro, NH: Boydell Press, 1987; pp. 188-190.
Camille, M. Images on the Edge: The Margins of Medieval Art. London: Reaktion Books, 1992; p. 133, Fig. 70.
Smeyers, M, et. al. Naer natueren ghelike: Vlaamse minaturen voor van Eyck. Louvain, 1993; pp. 71, 125.
Carlvant, K. Exhibition Catalogue: Gent duizend jaar: p. 349, reference under 575.
Bousmanne, Bernard. Item à Guillaume Wyelant aussi enlumineur: Willem Vrelant, un aspect de l'enluminure dans les Pays-Bas méridionaux sous le mécénat des ducs de Bourgogne Philippe le Bon et Charles le Téméraire. Bibliothèque Royale de Belgique. Turnhout, Belgium: Brepols, 1997; p. 356 (n. 14).
Randall, Lilian M. C. Medieval and Renaissance Manuscripts in the Walters Art Gallery. Vol. 3, Belgium, 1250-1530. Baltimore and London: Johns Hopkins University Press in association with the Walters Art Gallery, 1997: pp. 77-85, cat. no. 225.
Smeyers, Mauritius. Flemish Miniatures from the 8th to the mid-16th Century: The Medieval World on Parchment. Turnhout, Belgium: Brepols, 1999; pp. 114 (fig. 1), 115, 172 (n. 63 for p. 141).
Gy, Pierre-Marie. "Bulletin de liturgie." Revue des sciences philosophiques et théologiques 84 (2000): 513-544; p. 520.
Barasch, Moshe. Blindness: The History of a Mental Image in Western Thought. New York: Routledge, 2001; pp. 100-101, 173 (n. 79).
Joslin, Mary Coker, and Carolyn Coker Joslin Watson. The Egerton Genesis. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2001; pp. 52-53 (fig. 21), 87, 91, 97-98, 101, 130, 132, 176-177, 203-204, 206-207, 209, 210 (figs. 73-74), 211, 213, 218-220, 222-224, 226-227, 233, 240-241.
Moore, Elizabeth B. "The Urban Fabric and Framework of Ghent in the Margins of Oxford, Bodleian LIbrary, MSS Douce 5-6." In "Als Ich Can": Liber Amicorum in Memory of Professor Dr. Maurits Smeyers, edited by Bert Cardon, Jan Van der Stock, and Dominique Vanwijnsberghe, 983-1006, vol. 2. Leuven: Peeters Press, 2002; p. 985 (n. 13).
Nevins Teresa. "Book of Hours." In Medieval Mastery: Book Illumination from Charlemagne to Charles the Bold (800-1475). Edited by William Noel and Lee Preedy. Turnhout, Belgium: Brepols, 2002; pp. 236-37, cat. no. 54.
Gil, Marc, and Ludovic Nys. Saint-Omer gothique: les arts figuratifs à Saint-Omer à la fin du Moyen Âge, 1250-1550 : peinture, vitrail, sculpture, arts du livre. Valenciennes Cedex: Presses Universitaires deValenciennes, 2004; p. 76.
Kessler, Herbert L. Seeing Medieval Art. Ontario: Broadview Press, Ltd, 2004; p. 139.
Mellinkoff, Ruth. Averting Demons. Los Angeles: Mellinkoff Publications, 2004; p. 151 (fig. VII.8).
Mellinkoff, Ruth. "Break a Leg!" In Tributes in Honor of Jonathan J.G. Alexander: The Making and Meaning of Illuminated Medieval and Renaissance Manuscripts, Art, and Architecture. Edited by Susan L’Engle and Gerald B. Gest, 233-248. Turnhout, Belgium: Harvey Miller Publishers, 2006; p. 243.
Metzler, Irina. Disability in Medieval Europe: Thinking about Physical Impairment during the High Middle Ages, c. 1100-1400. Oxford: Routledge, 2006; p. 327 (n. 427 for page 175).
Les marges à drôleries des manuscrits gothiques, 1250-1350. Geneva: Librairie Droz, 2008; pp. 69, 113, 116-117, 123, 133, 147, 202, 314, 344, 354, 356.
Stones, Alison. "Manuscripts, Illuminated." In The New Arthurian Encyclopedia: Updated Paperback Edition. Edited by Norris J. Lacy, Geoffrey Ashe, Sandra Ness Ihle, Marianne E. Kalinke, Raymond H. Thompson, 299-308. NY: Routledge, 2008; p. 306.
Hourihane, Colum. Pontius Pilate: Anti-semitism, and the Passion in Medieval Art. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2009; p. 304.
Leo, Dominic. Images, Texts, and Marginalia in a "Vows of the Peacock" Manuscript (New York, Pierpont Morgan Library MS G24). Leiden, Netherlands: Brill Publishers, 2013; pp. 53 (n. 12), 347.
These are pages that we pulled aside that disrupted the flow of the manuscript reader. These may be bindings, inserts, bookmarks, and various other oddities.
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